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| Registros recuperados: 978 | |
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| Dixon,Brian. |
| Aquaculture still faces serious economic impacts due to the loss of animals to disease. A conservative estimate of 5% losses due to disease means that the finfish aquaculture industry loses over $1 billion annually on a global scale. One proven way to prevent costly disease outbreaks is to vaccinate fish against common or known pathogens. Current vaccination schemes still result in losses, however, and this may be due in part to vaccine design. Vaccines are currently designed using state of the art knowledge of immune responses, which is based primarily on mammalian studies. Just how applicable is this information to fish immunity and vaccine design, however? This review discusses what is currently known for teleost fish about two key processes that drive... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Antibody; Antigen presentation; Cloning; Cytokine; Immunity; Major histocompatibility complex receptors. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000500014 |
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| Rywinska,Anita; Rymowicz,Waldemar; Marcinkiewicz,Marta. |
| In the present report, citric acid production from raw glycerol in two fed-batch systems by acetate negative-mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica: Wratislavia 1.31 and Wratislavia AWG7 was compared. In the system, in which the total glycerol concentration was 200 g∙L-1, the substrate was added by pulsed additions, and in the other, in which the total glycerol concentration was 300 g∙L-1, the substrate was added at a constant feeding rate of 1.4 g∙h-1. Despite high citric acid concentrations (155.2 and 157.5 g∙L-1 with Y. lipolytica Wratislavia 1.31 and Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7, respectively) obtained from 300 g∙L-1 of glycerol, the yield of citric acid was similar, i.e. about 0.6 g∙g-1. The... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Fed-batch culture; Yarrowia lipolytica; Raw glycerol. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000400009 |
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| Piña-Escutia,José Luis; Vázquez-García,Luis Miguel; Arzate-Fernández,Amaury Martín. |
| Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC. is one of the important phytogenetic resources of México. This species is used as ornamental, food and medicinal purposes. Despite its ornamental and economic potential, there is little information about the genetic variability. In this study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers of 10, 15 and 20 bases were used to assess the level of genetic variation among nine botanical varieties of Tigridia pavoniacollected in three localities within State of México. The total number fragments, polymorphic fragments, percentage of polymorphism and resolving power were greater for 15 base (55, 52, 94.5 and 5, respectively) and 20 base (47, 45, 95.7 and 3.8, respectively), in comparison with those obtained from 10 base primers... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Genetic resources; RAPD; Tigridia pavonia; Variety discrimination. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000400010 |
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| Fernandez-Da Silva,Rafael; Menéndez-Yuffá,Andrea. |
| Two methods were evaluated in order to assess the viability of protoplasts and cell suspensions of Coffea arabica cv. Catimor used in a protocol of transformation by electroporation. One method consisted of staining with 1 % Evans blue and the other staining with 1% 3-[4,5-dimethyltiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). When Evans blue was applied to viable cells and protoplasts they either did not stain or acquired a faint blue colour. However, it was difficult to distinguish the non-viable cells in the wide spectrum of clear blue tonalities. In contrast, with the MTT assay only the viable cells and protoplasts reduced this salt to the red coloured formazan; viable and non-viable cells were distinguished more clearly with MTT than with Evans... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Cell suspensions; Cell viability; Coffee; Evans blue; MTT; Protoplasts. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000500016 |
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| Nematollahia,Amene; Sohrabvandi,Sara; Mortazavian,Amir Mohammad; Jazaeri,Sahar. |
| Background: Increased popularity of vegetarianism, lactose intolerance, and the high cholesterol content in dairy products, are all factors that have recently increased the demand for nondairy probiotic products. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of refrigeration on the viability of probiotics and asses some of the chemical and sensory characteristics in cornelian cherry juice. Results: The Iranian native probiotic strain (L. casei T4) showed greater viability compared to industrial types (viable count of 8.67 log cfu/mL versus <6.0 log cfu/mL at d 28). However, this most tolerant Iranian strain, could not withstand the conditions of 'Natural juice' at pH 2.6 for more than 7 d. Following a pH adjusted treatment (to pH ~3.5), the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant activity; Anthocyanin; Cornelian cherry; Phenolic compounds; Probiotic; Viability. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000300005 |
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| Devadhanam Joubert,Esther; Pillay,Balakrishna. |
| The removal of contaminants in slow sand filters occurs mainly in the colmation layer or schmutzdecke - a biologically active layer consisting of algae, bacteria, diatoms and zooplankton. A ripening period of 6 - 8 weeks is required for this layer to form, during which time filter performance is sub-optimal. In the current study, an environmental scanning electron microscope was used to visualise the ripening process of a pilot-scale slow sand filter over a period of eight weeks. To achieve this, sand particles were removed at weekly intervals and observed for biofilm development. Biological mechanisms of removal in slow sand filtration are not fully understood. A visualisation of the colonisation process would enhance the knowledge and understanding of... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Biofilm; Microbial biodiversity; Schmutzdecke. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000200014 |
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| We have constructed a fusion protein between mSlo (a recombinant, high conductance, calcium-activated potassium channel or maxi-K), and GFP (green fluorescent protein). This construct represents a tag to not only monitor channel expression, but to locate the protein in living cells. The GFP was fused in frame to the carboxy-terminus of the mSlo core protein (mSlo-GFP fusion protein). Expression of this fusion protein in COS-7 cells resulted in robust fluorescence localized near the cell membrane. Fluorescing cells that were patch clamped exhibited whole cell currents with a direction consistent with potassium currents. Conversely, non-fluorescing cells showed no significant whole cell currents. Excised inside out patches revealed single channel currents... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
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| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34581999000300003 |
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| Kanehira,Katsushi; Uchida,Yuko; Saito,Takehiko. |
| Background: Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are influenza A viruses which are isolated from domestic and wild birds. AIVs that include highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) are a major concern to the poultry industry because they cause outbreaks in poultry with extraordinarily high lethality. In addition, AIVs threaten human health by occasional zoonotic infection of humans from birds. Tools to visualize AIV-infected cells would facilitate the development of diagnostic tests and preventative methods to reduce the spread of AIVs. In this study, a self-assembling split-green fluorescent protein (split-GFP) system, combined with influenza virus reverse genetics was used to construct a visualization method for influenza virus-infected cells.... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza virus; Reverse genetics; Split-GFP. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000100010 |
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| The triploid plantain landrace Obino lEwai (Musa spp., AAB genome) has been crossed with a wild diploid banana (M. acuminata subsp. burmannica var. Calcutta 4, AA genome) to generate full-sib diploid and tetraploid hybrids combining good agronomic performance and disease resistance. Microsatellite marker analysis of the parental genotypes confirmed the highly heterozygous nature of both parental genotypes. Comparative analysis of 2x and 4x full-sib hybrids with their parental genotypes indicated that tetraploid hybrids are generally more closely related to Obino lEwai than their diploid full-sibs. Based on VNTR analysis it is possible to identify those hybrids, which may be most useful in subsequent breeding of secondary triploid hybrids. There was a... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
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| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34581999000300002 |
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| Patnaik,Debasis; Khurana,Paramjit. |
| Due to the inherent difficulties associated with gene delivery into regenerable explants and recovery of plantlets with the introduced transgene, wheat was the last among cereals to be genetically transformed. This review attempts to summarize different efforts in the direction of achieving genetic transformation of wheat by various methods. Particle bombardment is the most widely employed procedure for the introduction of marker genes and also for the generation of transformed wheat with introduction of agronomically important genes for quality improvement, engineering of nuclear male sterility, transposon tagging, resistance to drought stress, resistance against fungal pathogens and insect resistance. The other methods of choice of gene delivery into... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
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| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582001000200007 |
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| Illanes,Andrés. |
| Whey is a co-product of processes for the production of cheese and casein that retains most of the lactose content in milk. World production of whey is estimated around 200 million tons per year with an increase rate of about 2%/per year. Milk production is seasonal, so surplus whey is unavoidable. Traditionally, whey producers have considered it as a nuisance and strategies of whey handling have been mostly oriented to their more convenient disposal. This vision has been steadily evolving because of the upgrading potential of whey major components (lactose and whey proteins), but also because of more stringent regulations of waste disposal. Only the big cheese manufacturing companies are in the position of implementing technologies for their recovery and... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Beta-galactosidase; Enzyme catalysis; Lactose; Oligosaccharides; Prebiotics; Whey. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582011000600009 |
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| Bonny,Sylvie. |
| A strong movement of opposition to GMOs developed in the late 1990s in many countries, especially in Europe, although these technologies were presented from the outset as highly promising and their advantages were often highlighted. How can this rejection be explained? The aim of this paper is to answer that question through the case of France, which is fairly representative in this respect of various European countries, even if the opposition movement is here particularly strong. One examines various factors, actors and processes that have led to such strong opposition to GMOs that at this stage their development in Europe has almost totally been halted. In the first part of the article we recall the results of several recent surveys, showing the level of... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
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| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582003000100008 |
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| Escandón,Alejandro S; Miyajima,Ikuo; Alderete,Marisol; Hagiwara,Juan Carlos; Facciuto,Gabriela; Mata,Diego; Soto,Silvina M. |
| The genus Scoparia is native from Argentina. The diversity of colours and shape of their flowers bestows this genus a very interesting ornamental potential. The purpose of the present study is to explore the Scoparia species germplasm by means of in vitro polyploidization in order to improve their ornamental qualities. Accessions of S. montevidiensis var. montevidiensis, S. montevidiensis var. glandulifera, S. nudicaulis, S. hasleriana and S. dulcis were collected and maintained under greenhouse conditions. The Murashige-Skoog medium, supplemented with 0.25 mg/L BAP was used for the nodal segments multiplication of the five Scoparia species. Except for S. hasleriana, the multiplication rate of the other species ranged between 10 and 12 shoots per explant.... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Chimera; Flow cytometry; Micropropagation; Ornamental plants; Tetraploid. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582005000200010 |
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| Fanchini Terrasan,César Rafael; Guisan,José Manuel; Cano Carmona,Eleonora. |
| Background: Xylanases and β-D-xylosidases are the most important enzymes responsible for the degradation of xylan, the second main constituent of plant cell walls. Results: In this study, the main extracellular xylanase (XYL I) and p-xylosidase (BXYL I) from the fungus Penicillium janczewskii were purified, characterized and applied for the hydrolysis of different substrates. Their molecular weights under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions were, respectively, 30.4 and 23.6 kDa for XYL I, and 100 and 200 kDa for BXYL I, indicating that the latter is homodimeric. XYL I is highly glycosylated (78%) with optimal activity in pH 6.0 at 65°C, while BXYL I presented lower sugar content (10.5%) and optimal activity in pH 5.0 at 75°C. The half-lives... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Xylanolytic enzymes; Enzyme characterization; Enzyme purification; Xylan hydrolysis; Xylooligosaccharides hydrolysis. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000500006 |
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| Regalado,Carlos; Vázquez-Obregón,Immer; García-Almendárez,Blanca Estela; Domínguez-Domínguez,Jorge; Aguilera-Barreyro,Araceli; Amaro-Reyes,Aldo. |
| Hemicellulosic agricultural by-products such as corn stover (CS) are highly available materials which represent an opportunity to develop value added products. Native Aspergillus niger GS1 was used for solid-state fermentation (SSF) on alkali pre-treated CS (ACS) aimed to optimize xylanolytic enzymes production, and their effect on in vitro ruminal and true digestibility of ACS. Enzyme production was empirically modelled using a fractional factorial design 2(9-5), and the resulting significant factors were glucose, yeast extract and two mineral salts, which were arranged in a Draper-Lin optimization design at two levels. Predicted optimum xylanolytic activity of 33.6 U (mg protein)-1 was achieved at 48 hrs of SSF, and was validated by confirmatory... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Aspergillus niger GS1; Corn stover; Digestibility; Solid-state fermentation; Xylanolytic activity. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582011000200009 |
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| Federici,María Teresa; Marcondes,Jackson A; Picchi,Simone Cristina; Stuchi,Eduardo S; Fadel,André Luiz; Laia,Marcelo L; Lemos,Manoel Victor F; Lemos,Eliana Gertrudes Macedo. |
| Xylella fastidiosa inhabits the plant xylem, a nutrient-poor environment, so that mechanisms to sense and respond to adverse environmental conditions are extremely important for bacterial survival in the plant host. Although the complete genome sequences of different Xylella strains have been determined, little is known about stress responses and gene regulation in these organisms. In this work, a DNA microarray was constructed containing 2,600 ORFs identified in the genome sequencing project of Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c strain, and used to check global gene expression differences in the bacteria when it is infecting a symptomatic and a tolerant citrus tree. Different patterns of expression were found in each variety, suggesting that bacteria are responding... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Citrus; Microarray; Xylella fastidiosa. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000300004 |
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| Silveira Rocha Matos,Ítalo Thiago; do Carmo,Edson Júnior; Nogueira de Assunção,Enedina; Alves de Almeida,Richardson; Makarem Soares,Verena; Astolfi Filho,Spartaco. |
| Background: Xylitol is a five carbons polyol with promising medical applications. It can be obtained from chemical D-xylose reduction or by microbial fermentation of Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate. For this last process, some microbial inhibitors, as furfural, constitute severe bottleneck. In this case, the use of strains able to produce xylitol simultaneously to furfural neutralization is an interesting alternative. A wild-type strain of Geotrichum sp. was detected with this ability, and its performance in xylitol production and furfural consumption was evaluated. Furthermore, were analyzed its degradation products. Results: Geotrichum sp. produced xylitol from D-xylose fermentation with a yield of 0.44 g-g-1. Furfural was fully consumed in... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Detoxification Sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate Xylitol; D-Xylose reduction D-Xylose fermentation Microbial fermentation Furfural Sugarcane bagasse Hemicellulosic hydrolysate. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000600003 |
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| Vakhlu,Jyoti. |
| Lipases are placed only after proteases and carbohydrases in world enzyme market and share about 5% of enzyme market. They occur in plants, animals and microorganisms and are accordingly classified as plant, animal and microbial lipases. Wherever they exist, they function to catalyze hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acid. Like carbohydrases and proteases, lipases of microbial origin enjoy greater industrial importance as they are more stable (compared to plant and animal lipases) and can be obtained in bulk at low cost. Majority of yeast lipases are extracelluar, monomericglycoproteins with molecular weight ranging between ~33 to ~65 kD. More than 50% reported lipases producing yeast, produce it in the forms of various isozymes. These... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Candida; Geotrichum; Lipase; Trichosporon; Yeast. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000100010 |
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| Registros recuperados: 978 | |
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